Togo

Togo République Togolaise
Togo tɛlɛŋa
Togo Kɩɖaʋ kɩdɛɛka Togo Ɛjaɖɛ tɛ tampaɣ
Tɛtʋ sɔsɔtʋ:	Loma
Ɛjaɖɛ ñʋʋdʋ:	Faure Gnassingbé
Ɛjaɖɛ walanzɩ:	56,785 km²
Samaɣ ñʋʋ:	8 600 000 ()
Tɛtʋ hɔɔlʋʋ samaɣ ñʋʋ:	93 km²
Internet nimaɣ:	.tg

Togo kɛ tɛtʊ natʊyʊ, tɩɖaɣlɩ lɔɔɔ nɛ payaɣ-tʊ se Togo ɛjaɖɛ. Ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩwɛ Afrɩka wɩsɩɖɩɖʊyɛ taa. Ɖimʊ ɖɩ-tɩyɔɔwɛʊ kɛ ɖomaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 27 wiye pɩnaɣ 1960. Pɩnaɣ 2010 taa pakalɩ Togo kpeekpe samaɣ lɛ, pɛkpɛndɩ miliyɔɔwaa loɖo. Pakalɩ ɛyaa ɛzɩ kilomɛtakakɩ taa kɔyɔ, pɛwɛ ɛzɩ 95kɛ mbʊ yɔ.

Afrika ajɛya kpeekpe taa lɛ, Togo wɛ ajɛya wona adakɩlɩ walʋʋ yɔ a-taa. Kɩ-tɛ walanzɩ taa makɩɣna ɛzɩ 52785 km2 yɔ nɛ kɩ-ɖaɣlakɩŋ taa maɣna ɛzɩ kilomɛtanaa 700 yɔ. Kɩ-toboyuu tɛɖɛɛ kilomɛtanaa mɩnʋʊ yɔɔ. Hayu kiŋ lɛ, Togo ɛjaɖɛ sɩna kamaɣ nɛ Purkina Fasoo, hadɛ kiŋ lɛ teŋgu pɩsɩɩna wɩsɩɖɩlɩyɛ taa lɛ Togo nɛ Peenɛɛ pasɩnɩna ɖama'a kamaɣ. Piyele nɛ wɩsɩɖɩɖʊyɛ taa lɛ, Kana ɛjaɖɛ kɛ pɩsɩnaa.

Paa Togo tɛtʊ ɛtawalɩ wammm kɔyɔ, kedeŋga kpeekpe sɩma mbʊ se Togo ɛjaɖɛ wɛna ñɩm mbʊ ajɛya naayɛ tatɩɩ wɛnaʊ paaa nñɩɩɩ yɔ. Togo wɛna teŋgu ŋgʊ kiliŋga pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ yɔɔdʊ yɔ. Pɩtasɩ ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, teŋgu ŋgʊ kɩ-nɔɔ kpɛɛɛ lɛ kañɩŋga kɩbaŋga wɛɛ nɛ pɔsɔ anasayɩkpaakpa pɩfɛyɩ yɔɔdʊ. Togo taa pʋŋ nɛ pɩyasɩ pɛwɛɛ. Fɛɛŋ nɛ kadanzɩ pɛwɛɛ ɖɔɖɔ. Togo nɛ ki-hayu kiŋ lɛ, teliŋ wɛ paale. Togo taa kʊnʊmɩŋ weyi pɔyɔɔdʊ yɔ ɩɖɔɔ.

Togo ɛjaɖɛ wɛ Afrika wɩsɩɖɩɖʋyɛ taa kɩgaʊ ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩcɔŋna tɔsʋʋ ɛsɩnda wobu tʊmɩyɛ yɔɔ nɛ payaɣ-ɖɩ se CEDEAO yɔ ɖɩ-taa.

Kɩ́ɖaʋ héndu: ɖɔ́-cɔ́zɔ́náa tɛtʋ

Pɩnaɣ 1960, ɖomaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ 27 ñɩŋgʋ wiye, Togo laba sɔnzɩ nɛ ajɛya kpeekpe nɩɩ se kɩwɛ kɩ-dɩ yɔɔ. Ɛjaɖɛ wenɖi ɖɩwɛ ɖɩ-dɩ yɔɔ yɔ, ɖɩwɛna kɩɖaʋ wondu natʋyʋ nɛ ɖɩ nɛ naɖɩyɛ patakaa wondu tʋndʋ : kɩɖaʋ kɛdɛɛka, kɩɖaʋ hendu nɛ kɩɖaʋ tɔmʋʋ. Ɖomaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ 27 ñɩŋgʋ wiye pɩnaɣ 1960, pɩlaba pɩnzɩ 54 yɔ, pete Togo kɩɖaʋ hendu fransɩɩ taa nɛ ahʋna taa. Pɩ́sɩɩna sɔnɔ yɔ, tɩfɛyɩ ɖɔɖɔ yɔɔdaɣ nakɛyɛ taa nɛ pɩtasɩ.

Pʋyɔɔ kɛ Atinèdi GNASSE laba lɩmaɣza nɛ ɛlɩzɩ-tʋ nɛ kabɩyɛ taa. Ɖomaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ 28 ñɩŋgʋ wiye pɩnaɣ 2012, étéé-tʋ nɛ pɩ́nɩɩ Togo kpeekpe se pɩkpaɣʋna mbʋyɔ yɔ, paa anɩ, ɛpɩzɩɣ ɛkpɛlɛkɩ nɛ étee hendu tʋndʋ nɛ kabɩyɛ taa. Ɛkpaɣ-tʋ ɛcɛlɛ Kabɩyɛ Akademii se kʋcɔna kɩna se ɛlɩzʋʋ nɛ kabɩyɛ taa yɔ, pɩmaɣaa. Kabɩyɛ Akademii na, kɩtɛzɩ ñɔɔzʋʋ nɛ pɩcaɣ camɩyɛ.

Tindimiye 1 Ɖɩsɛɣ-ŋ ɖeu, ɖɔ-Cɔzɔnaa Tɛtʋ Ñɔ-yɔɔ paawɛ ɖoŋ, Hɛzɩyɛ’n’ Laŋhʋlʋmɩyɛ taa Ɖɩkandɩ kɩbandʋ nɛ abal’tʋ Pɔ-yɔɔ nɛ pɩtal’na ɖɛ-sɛyɩnaa Ɛyaanuutiyaa ɛɛkpaɣ-ŋ sɔɔndʋ Pɛɛyɛɛlila kam ña-laŋgɩyɛ taa Togo kʋyɩ ŋsɩŋ, Ɖʋlʋkɩ ñɔ-yɔɔ kaalɛyɩtʋ Paa ɖɩwaba yaa ɖɩdawa Ñɔ-yɔɔ ɖɩsɩkɩ sɩm kiya ‘Sɔ sɔsɔ ñe-ɖ’ke ŋseɣtiɣna-ɖʋ Se Togo ewobina ɛsɩndaa Togobɩɣa kɔɔ nɛ ɖɩma ɖɛ-ɛjaɖɛ

Tindimiye 2 Nɔɔkʋɖʋmaɣ taa ɖɩlakɩ ña-tʋmɩyɛ Mbʋ kɛna ɖɔ-sɔɔlɩm, Ɖɔ-sɔɔlɩm kɩkɩlɩm Ɖɩkpalɩ kubuka nɛ ɖʋtɔ ɖa-kɩɖaʋtɔmʋʋ Nabʋyʋ ɛɛpɩzɩɣ pɩcamɩ-kʋ Ɖe-ɖeke ɖ’kɛna ño-koboyaɣ Nɛ ñɛ-ɛsɩndaawobuyɔɔkandɩyaa Ɖɩcɛkɩ, paa le, P’daaladanwaañɩŋgbasɩ Ɖuɖukina Ɛsɔ Ɖɩwɛ ña-‘ayɩ paa ɖooye kpam Ɖɩsɔɔla-ŋ, ɖɩkpaɣ ɖa-tɩ ɖɩcɛlɛ-ŋ Nɛ ɖʋlʋkɩ ñɔ-yɔɔ kaahɛzaɣ se Togo, ŋɖe, nɛ ŋkɛ k’deŋga ñɩɣlɩm

Tindimiye 3 Sɛɛ ɖeu, sɛɛ ɖeu, kedeŋga kpeekpe, ɖɩsɛ-ŋ Ɖa-tɩŋgɛ ɖɩñaɣ pana Tʋmɩyɛ kɩbaɣlɩyɛ yɔɔ Nɖɩ Ɛyʋ Camɩyɛwɛt’ Kɩvatʋ Kaɣ ɖ’-cɔlɔ lɩnaʋ yɔ. Ɖenɖe kʋñɔndʋtʋ ɛwɛɛ lɛ, Ɖɩkɔna koboyaɣ maatɛŋ Ɖamamɔɔnseɣu Ɛɛdaatasɩ wɛʋ ‘jaɖɛ yɔɔ Yomiye nɛ pakpan’ɖoŋ Pɔ-tɔm tɛm’lɛɛlɛɛyɔ Tɩyɔɔwɛʋ tɩɩŋga ɛñɩlɩsaa’lɛ Ɖɩtɔzɩ ajɛya hɛkʋdaa Ɖamasɩnaʋ nɛ koobiye pɔ-tɔm yɔɔ.

Histoire

Époque coloniale

Togo caanaʊ tɔm ñɔ lila sɩŋŋŋ kɛ kɩ-kpacayʊʊ taa. Portugal calɩna Togo ɛjaɖɛ kpacaʊ ɖooo pɩnaɣ 1883 pʊcɔ nɛ Caama ñɩma kɔɔ nɛ pɩwayɩ lɛ Fransɩ mba paazɩ-kʊ kpacaʊ pɩnaɣ 1919 nɛ pʊcɔ nɛ pɩnaɣ 1960 lɛ kɩwɛɛ kɩ-tɩ yɔɔ.

Ntʊ tɩɩtɛma labʊ ɖooo caanaʊ taa yɔ

Ñɩnɩyaa ñɩnaa nɛ pana se Togo tɛkɛ ɛjaɖɛ kɩfaɖɛ. Pana Togo taa kɛ ɖooo caanaʊ taa wondu pɩkɩlɩna nama, nemaa, coka, cʊʊ-ñanzɩ kɩpɩnzɩ. Wondu ndʊ pakɩlɩ-tʊ naʊ Togo nɛ kɩ-hayʊ kɩŋ mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ, kɩ-hayʊ kɩŋ peeɖe tɛtʊ wɛ ñabɩ nɛ pɩmaɣza wɛʊ putooye.

Nabʊyʊ ɛɛsɩŋna camɩyɛ se pɛkɛdɩna Togo ɛsɛkuliye nɛ ajɛya lɛɛna camɩyɛ. Pañɩna ɖooo ndʊ tɩɩlaba yɔ ɛlɛ nabʊyʊ ɛɛkɩlɩɣ wɩlɩɣ kaɣlaa kɛ mbʊ mbʊ pɩɩlaba yɔ ɛlɛ ndʊ tɩwɛ yɔ ndʊ lɛ se panaa se ɖooo pakpakaɣ ñɩɩtʊ nɛ pɛɖɛʊna-tʊ Kano, Niigeria ɛjaɖɛ taa. Panaa ɖɔɖɔ se pama mɩŋ tɔɔŋ kɛ Baasɛɛ tɛtʊ taa nɛ pohuyuufɛɛrɩ nɛ polukina ñɩɩtʊ ndɩ ndɩ ɛzɩ hakɩŋ, kpacanaa, cɔŋga nɛ tɔŋ-ñɩma.

Tɛtɛɛ ñɩm huyuu

Togo wɛ ajɛya wena a-taa pakɩlɩɣ fɔsfaatɩ huyuu Afrika taa yɔ a-taa. Togo wɛnɩ ɖɔɖɔ tɛtɛɛ ñɩm lɛɛbʊ, ɛzɩ ñɩɣyʊʊ, marbrɩ nɛ somtu.

Togo kewiyaɣ sɔɔlaa se liidiye nɖɩ ɖɩlɩɣnɩ tɛtɛɛ ñɩm pʊnɛ pu-huyuu taa yɔ, pʊwazɩ samaɣ kpeekpe. Mbʊ labɩna nɛ 2009 pɩnaɣ taa, kewiyaɣ la tamaɣ se kasʊʊ ITIE ɛgbɛyɛ taa.

Lakɩŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 30 ñɩŋgʊ wiye ɖɛ-ɛjaɖɛ ñʊʊdʊ kpaɣ paɣtʊ N° 2010-024/PR nɛ tɩtʊlʊʊ ITIE ɛgbɛyɛ tʊmɩyɛ Togo taa nɛ tɩyɔɔdʊʊ ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩma pʊwɛɛ se tʊmɩyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩɖɔ nɛ mba pʊwɛɛ se pɛwɛɛ tʊmɩyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa yɔ pɔ-tɔm.

ITIE Ñʊndɩnaa kpeɣli pe-kedeɣzaɣ ɖeɖe Aloma fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 19 ñɩŋgʊ wiye 2010 pɩnaɣ taa lɛ petisaa se Togo ɛsʊʊ ITIE taa. Ɛzɩ ɛgbɛyɛ paɣtʊ kɩfatʊ ndʊ tɩpazɩ 2011 pɩnaɣ taa yɔ tɩyɔɔdʊʊ yɔ, paha Togo alɩwaatʊ se kɩñɔɔzɩ kɩ-tɩ nɛ kɩpɩzɩ kʊsʊʊ ITIE ɛgbɛyɛ taa pilim. Alɩwaatʊ ndʊ paha Togo yɔ, tɩtɛŋ Ɖomaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 18 ñɩŋgʊ wiye 2013 pɩnaɣ taa.

Ɖomaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 12 ñɩŋgʊ wiye 2012 pɩnaɣ taa Togo ɛjaɖɛ lɩzɩ ɖɩ-kajalaɣ ITIE takayaɣ ŋga kɔyɔɔdʊ liidiye nɖɩ tɛtɛɛ ñɩm huyuu tʊma hɛyɩ kewiyaɣ tʊma 2010 pɩnaɣ taa yɔ ɖɩ-tɔm.

Togo ɖɔŋ lɛɛlɛɛyɔ kɩ-tɩ ñɔɔzʊʊ se kɩlɩzɩ kɩ-takayaɣ naalɛ ñɩŋga ŋga kɔyɔɔdʊʊ liidiye nɖɩ kaɖasɩm tʊma, ñɩɣyɩŋ tʊma, lɩm tʊma nɛ nɩɣlɩm pɛdʊʊ tʊma hɛyɩ kewiyaɣ tʊma 2011 pɩnaɣ taa yɔ ɖɩ-tɔm. Pʊyɔɔ yɔɔ pama takayaɣ kanɛ. Agbaɣdaa aseɣɖe lɩzɩyʊ weyi Togo kewiyaɣ lɩzɩ-ɩ se ɛma takayaɣ kanɛ yɔ, ewilaa nɛ ɛna liidiye nɖɩ tɛtɛɛ ñɩm huyuu tʊma tɔm se ahɛyɩ kewiyaɣ tʊma yɔ nɛ nɖɩ kewiyaɣ tʊma ñetisaa se amʊ tɛtɛɛ ñɩm huyuu tʊma cɔlɔ yɔ. Tʊmɩyɛ ɖɩnɛ, ɛlabɩ-ɖɩ ɛzɩ ITIE paɣtʊ 10 ñɩndʊ pɔzʊʊ yɔ.

Démographie

Ethnies

Baasɛɛ mba, Tamberma mba nɛ Kabɩyɛ mba kacakaɣ pʊŋ taa pʊŋ taa. Nabɛyɛ yɔɔdɩɣ size palɩna Afrɩka ajɛya lɛɛna taa nɛ pɩɩkɛna alɩwaatʊ ndʊ anasayɩ kɔma nɛ ɛyakɩ ɛyaa nɛ ɛɖɛʊna tuuɖe taa nɛ ɛlakɩ-wɛ yoma yɔ. Ɛyakaɣ-wɛ nɛ sikiɖi, taba, fɩŋfɩŋnaa yaa malifanaa. Tada laɖaa mba pɔyɔɔdaɣ haoussa ɖɔɖɔ yɔ, pɔkɔma ɖɔɖɔ nɛ pacaɣ Togo taa nɛ halɩ pakpaɣ tɛtʊ natʊyʊ natʊyʊ ɛzɩ Sansanen Mango, pʊtɔbʊʊ se maŋgʊnaa ɖeɖe yaa Gerin Kouka, pʊtɔbʊʊ kɛlɛ se teliŋ tɛtʊ. Pɩtasɩ ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, Togo nɛ kɩ-hadɛ tɛtʊ kɩpɩndʊ natʊyʊ kpaɣ Haoussa mba hɩɖɛ: Ba Guida, pʊtɔbʊʊ kɛlɛ se ɛyaa fɛyɩ peeɖe.

Togo nɛ kɩ-hayʊ kɩŋ lɛ, papɩsa Gourma waa kɛ malɩŋ ppɩkazɩ nɛ Kotokoli mba ñacaɣ Sokoɖɛyɩ; nɛ Tyokosɩ mba yele pacaɣ Mangʊ tɛtʊ taa. Ɖahʊma mba mba yaɣ se Bariba waa yɔ pana mba palɩna Kana nɛ papaa lɛ Ashantɩ waa yɔ, pɔɖɔna caɣʊ Togo taa hɔɔlɩŋ hɔɔlɩŋ.

Mba mba paacaɣ pʊŋ taa mbʊ yɔ, paawɛ ɖɔŋ nɛ koyindu taapɩzɩ-wɛ yem nɛ ɛkʊ-wɛ. Mba papa ñaacaɣ Togo nɛ kɩ-hadɛ kɩŋ yɔ, ɛzɩ ahʊna ñɩma yɔ, palɩna ɖooo Egypti ɖooo pɩnzɩ mɩnɩŋ XV taa nɛ patɩŋgɩna Nigeria nɛ Ɖamʊma. Ahʊna mba nɛ pe-wiyaʋ Agɔkɔlɩ powolo pacaɣ Tado nɛ pama koloŋga sɔsɔɔ nakɛyɛ se pɩɖaŋ nɛ mba palɩɣna Togo nɛ kɩ-hayʊ kɩŋ yɔ, pataacɛyɩ-wɛ.