N̄ɩɣyʋʋ kɩn̄ɛyʋʋ

Pɩlɩɩna Wikipediya

N̄ɩɣyʋʋ kɩn̄ɛyʋʋ, pɩkɛ n̄ɩɣyʋʋ ŋkʋ palakɩna tʋmɩyɛ ɖɩɣa taa yɔ yaa n̄ɩɣtʋ ɖuluɖe taa yɔ. Pɩzatʋ naalɛ kɩlakɩna tʋmɩyɛ. Patʋʋ n̄ʋʋ yɔɔ n̄ɩndʋ ɛjɔʋ pɔʋ taa nɛ pɩtɛɛ n̄ɩndʋ n̄alɩɣna n̄ɩɣyʋʋ tɛɛ.

N̄ɩɣyʋʋ kɩn̄ɛyʋʋ

Pɩlaba pɩnzɩ nɩɩnʋwa nɛ nɩɩnaza nɛ kagbaanzɩ yɔ polubu kajalaɣ n̄ɩɣyɩŋ kɩn̄ɛyɩŋ yɔ. Nesi pɔcɔzaɣna-ɩ nɛ pʋcɔ ɛn̄ɛyɩɣ. Sɔnɔdaa lɛ, latiri miŋ pɛn̄ɛyɩɣna-ɩ. Pʋpɔzʋʋ latiriki miŋ wondu natʋyʋ wuɖuwuɖu nɛ pʋcɔ lɛɛlɛɛyɔ papɩzɩ pɛn̄ɛyɩna-ɩ nɛ pɩkɩlɩ kɛlɛʋ. Pʋwɛ ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ pʋpɔzʋʋ wondu natʋyʋ n̄ɩɩɩ n̄ɩɩɩ se, pʋcɔ papɩzɩ pacɔnɩna mayaɣ nakɛyɛ yɔ yaa pʋyʋ weyi ɛ-tɔm wɛ kaɖɛ siŋŋ yɔ.

Pɔsɔ kajalaɣ ɖajanaa mba pɛlɛyɩ lubu n̄ɩɣyʋʋ kɩn̄ɛyʋʋ yɔ pɔ-yɔɔ sɔnɔ. Mbaa yɔ: Amerika tʋ weyi payaɣ se, Elias Howe yɔ nɛ Caama tʋ weyi payaɣ ɛ́lɛ se, Balthasar Krems yɔ nɛ Thomas Saint ɛ́lɛ kɛ Enkilisi tʋ nɛ Otirisi tʋ, payaɣ ɛ́lɛ se, Yoosɛfʋ Maderspeger.

Toovenum lɛ, kajalaɣ weyi ɛlɛyɩ lubu n̄ɩɣyʋʋ kɩn̄ɛyʋʋ siŋŋ yɔ, ɛnʋʋ lɛ ɖajaa N̄ɛyɩyʋ Barthélemy Thimonnier. Ɛkɛ francɩɩ tʋ, Lyon egetiye taa palʋla-ɩ. Pɩnaɣ 1830 n̄ɩŋga taa n̄ɩɣyʋʋ kɩn̄ɛyʋʋ takayaɣ. Ɛsaɣ-kʋ nɛ ɖasɩ nɛ ɛmɛyɩ-kʋ nɛ nɩmaɣ kʋɖʋmaɣ caŋ caŋ, kɛwɛ ɛzɩ lɩyʋʋ yɔ. N̄ɩɣyʋʋ kɩn̄ɛyʋʋ ŋ́gʋ kɩpazaɣ kɩn̄ɛyʋʋ pɔŋ 200 miniti kʋɖʋmʋʋ taa. Pɩɩpɔzaa se, sɔɔjanaa isuu aŋkoo; pʋ-yɔɔ n̄ɛyɩ tokonaa 80 se ɛɖʋna-wɛ hɩɖɛ. Alɩwaatʋ ndʋ tɩ-taa, luɖaa sakɩyɛ lakaɣ tʋma nɛ pe-nesi kɛnɛ. Pʋ-yɔɔ palakaɣ n̄ɩyɩtʋ tʋmɩyɛ nɛ ɛjɔʋ ɖeke. Piyebina nɛ payaa Madesperger n̄ɩɣyʋʋ se, "Nesi nzɩ sɩn̄ɛyɩɣ yɔ".

Amerika tʋ, ɖajaa Walter Hunt calɩna labɩnaʋ tʋmɩyɛ nɛ n̄ɩɣyʋʋ ŋgʋ payaɣ se, "Naavɛɛtɩ" yɔ pɩnaɣ 1834 taa. Pɩzatʋ naalɛ ɛtʋwaɣ kɩ-taa nɛ ɛlakɩna tʋmɩyɛ. Lɩmaɣzɩyɛ ńɖɩ ɖɩ-yɔɔ ɖajaa Elias Howe tɩŋnaa nɛ ɛ́lɛ lu n̄ɩɣyʋʋ ŋgʋ payaɣ se, "Brevet" yɔ pɩnaɣ 1846 taa. N̄ɩɣyʋʋ kʋnɛ kɩkɩlɩ kajalaɣ n̄ɩŋgʋ ɖeu, ɛlɛ, piteɖena-ɩ. Pʋ-yɔɔ ɛkʋyaa ewolo Ɛngilisi ɛjaɖɛ taa se ɛtasɩ-kʋ maɣzʋʋ nɛ ɛna. Ɖajaa Isaac Merrit Singer lubi n̄ɩɣyʋʋ kɩn̄ɛyʋʋ nakʋyʋ nɛ kʋkʋ kɩlɩ ɖeu lɛɛŋ pɩnaɣ 1851 taa, ɛlɛ, pʋwɛɛ se, ɛɖaɣnɩ-kʋ n̄ɔɔzʋʋ nɛ pɩkɩlɩ. Mbʋ hana-ɩ waɖɛ nɛ kɩyɛna fenaɣ kɩyakʋ 12 n̄ɩŋgʋ, pɩnaɣ 1851 taa ɛsɩɩ kajalaɣ "Brevet" nɛ ɛtʋlɩ tʋmɩyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩpɛdɩɣ n̄ɩɣyɩŋ kɩn̄ɛyɩŋ weyi palakɩ-ɩ nɛ tʋmɩyɛ ɖɩɣa taa yɔ pɩnaɣ kʋɖʋmaɣ ŋ́ga ka-taa. Tʋmɩyɛ nɖɩɩ payaɣ se " I.M. Singer & Co". Mbʋ yebina nɛ piɖena-ɩ. Peeye ɖajaa Elias Howe ya-ɩ tɔm Tɔm hʋyaa sɔsaa cɔlɔ nɛ pahʋʋ ɛ-tɔm ndʋʋ pɩnaɣ 1854 taa. Ɛlɛ, ɛtakpaɣ pʋyʋ ɖajaa Isaac Merrit Singer cɔlɔ tɔm hʋʋ taa, mbʋ pʋyɔɔ yɔ, ɛ́lɛ n̄ɔɔzɩ kʋ camɩyɛ kpem se paa anɩ ɛpɩzɩ ɛlabɩna-kʋ nɛ tʋmɩyɛ.

N̄ɩɣyɩŋ kɩn̄ɛyɩŋ weyi Fransɩɩ n̄ɩma luba yɔ, ekeɖewaɣ pɩŋŋ kewiyaɣ naalɛ n̄ɩŋga taa. Ɖajanaa pɛnɛ polubina-ɩ: Peugeot nɛ Hurtu nɛ Journaux Leblond nɛ Brion nɛ Reimann. Agoza fenaɣ kɩyakʋ 12 n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1868 taa payaɣ takayaɣ ŋga payaɣ se, "brevet" yɔ naavɛɛtɩ n̄ɩɣyʋʋ kɩn̄ɛyʋʋ. Sʋsɔ Pierre Cobet yana takayaɣ ŋ́ga. Pɛpɛdɩna Pegeot hɔʋ "Brevet" nɛ "hɩɖɛ". Ŋ́gʋ lubina takayaɣ ŋgaa "Audincourt" tɛtʋ taa. Pasɩwaɣ n̄ɩɣyɩŋ kɩn̄ɛyɩŋ ndɩ ndɩ Fransɩɩ tɛtʋ sɔsɔtʋ ndʋ payaɣ se Paarii yɔ tɩ-taa se pana ŋgʋ kɩkɩlɩ ɖeu lɛ, ɖajaa Benjamin Peugeot paha "Hɩɖɛ Ɖʋʋ" Samtʋ takayaɣ. Ɛnʋʋ pakpaɣa se, eluba n̄ɩɣyʋʋ kɩn̄ɛyʋʋ. Pɩnaɣ 1871 taa Caama tʋ ɖajaa Kayser maɣzaa nɛ elu wonuu nakʋyʋ nɛ kɩpɩzɩɣ kʋcɔzʋʋ n̄ɩɣyʋʋ kɩn̄ɛyʋʋ ɛjɔʋ hɔɔlɩŋ tɩŋa. Mbʋ yebina nɛ papɩzɩɣ pɛn̄ɛyʋʋ awiya tokonaa laŋa taa mɛɖʋmɛɖʋ nɛ pacanɩɣna-wɛ. Alɩsaasɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa tʋ, ɖajaa Caroline Garcin maɣzaa nɛ ɛ́lɛ lu n̄ɩɣyʋʋ ŋgʋ kʋhɔŋ nɛ kɩpɩsɩɣ yɔ, mbʋ pʋyɔɔ yɔ, alɩwaatʋ ndʋ tɩ-taa lɛ, piiliwaa ɖeke paɖʋwaɣ nɛ pehikiɣ laatriki miŋ. Pɩnaɣ 1873 taa ɖajaa Ward luba kajalaɣ n̄ɩɣyʋʋ kɩn̄ɛyʋʋ ŋgʋ kɩwɛ yem waaa, kɩ-tɛɛ fɛyɩ pʋyʋ yɔ. Suwisi ɛjaɖɛ mayaɣ "Elna" polubina-kʋ nɛ kɩn̄ɛyɩɣ nesi tokonaa nɛ pantalaŋ.

Pɩnaɣ 1937 n̄ɩŋga taa ɖajaa Pfad luba n̄ɩɣyʋʋ nakʋyʋ nɛ kɩkɛ n̄ɩɣyʋʋ kɩn̄ɛyʋʋ ŋ́gʋ ki-mootɛɛrɩ.

N̄ɩɣyʋʋ kɩn̄ɛyʋʋ pazɩ kiwoni n̄ɛyɩtʋ nɛ ɛsɩndaa siŋŋ. Ŋ́gʋ yebina nɛ pɛn̄ɛyɩɣ wondu ndɩ ndɩ sakɩyɛ. Pʋ-yɔɔ tʋtʋ yɔɔ takɩlɩ liidiye caaa.