Wɛɛ kɩfana yaa alɩwaatʊ kɩfatʊ (Renaissance)
Wɛɛ kɩfana yaa lʊlʊʊ kɩfam alɩwaatʊ pɩkɛ alɩwaatʊ kɩfatʊ wɛɛ ndʊ pɛkpɛnda matʊ alɩwaatʊ nɛ lɔnzɩɖɛ kpɛlɛkʊʊ pɩlɩna ɛyʊ yɔɔ nɛ canaʊ taa lɛɛtʊ kpɛlɛkʊʊ ndʊ tɩpaɣzɩna Itaali ɖaɣnɩɣ lʊlʊʊ kɩfam alɩwaatʊ yɔ. Ɖɩcɔna nɛ ɖɩnaɣ yɔ ɖaɣnɩɣ lʊlʊʊ alɩwaatʊ hɩɣ pɩtɩ pɩtɩŋna nesi tɛ ñɩlɩ ñɩlɩ wonduu laɖaa tʊma yɔɔ, mba papɩzaɣ nɛ pɔyɔɔdʊʊ nɛ ɛyaa po-wonduu tɔm yɔ.
Pʊcɔ lʊlʊʊ kɩfam alɩwaatʊ natʊyʊ lɩɩ Itaalii tɛtʊ sakɩyɛ taa kpaɣ kpaɣɖʊ 13 ŋtalɩ 14 alɩwaatʊ (Duecento nɛ Trecento) pɩtalɩ kpaɣɖʊ 15 alɩwaatʊ taa ɖɔɖɔ kɛ Itaali hɔlʊʊ sɔsɔʊ taa nɛ Ɛsɩpañɩ taa nɛ ERɔpʊ nɛ Hayi kiŋ hɔɔlɩŋ cikpeŋ nɩɩyɛ taa nɛ Caama ɛzɩ mbʊ ɛyʊ yaɣ se kajalaɣ lʊlʊʊ kɩfam alɩwaatʊ (Quattrocento) nɛ pɩtalɩ Erɔpʊ tɩŋga taa kpaɣɖʊ 16 wɛɛ taa (Cinquecento).
Pɩtɩŋna Jean Delumeau weyi ɛkɛ lʊlʊʊ kɩfam tɛ tɩlɩyʊ niye mʊyʊ yɔ ɛ-yɔɔ lɛ, ɖɩnɩɣ se lʊlʊʊ kɩfam tɔmpiye lɩna Itaali nɛ nesi tɛ ñɩlɩ ñɩlɩ tʊma laɖaa cɔlɔ kpaɣna kpaɣɖʊ 19 wɛɛ taa (Itaalɩ ɛyaa tɔŋ se sɔnɔ se Rinascimento). Tɔmpiyen lʊlʊʊ kɩfam walɩ wobu yɔɔ wobu yɔɔ.
Tɔmpiye lʊlʊʊ kɩfam ndɩ ɖɩkɛ wɛɛ pɩtɛkɛ se matʊ nɛ ñɩlɩ ñɩlɩ wonduu lɛɛzɩɣ kɩfam alɩwaatʊ ndʊ, palaba-tʊ nɛ tʊmɩyɛ kajalaɣ pɩlɩna Jean-Jacques Ampère pɩnaɣ 1840 taa alɩwaatʊ ndʊ ɛkɛdaɣ Fransɩɩ canaʊ matʊ tɔm pʊcɔ kpaɖʊ 12 nɛ pʊwayɩ kɛ Jules Michelet pɩnaɣ 1855 alɩwaatʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa ɛkpaɣ ɛ-tɩ mbilim kpaɣɖʊ 16 taa nɛ ɛyɔɔdʊʊ lʊlʊʊ kɩfam tɔm pɩlɩna Fransɩɩ yɔɔ yɔ. Tɔmpiye ndɩ Suwiisi nesi tɛ ñɩlɩ ñɩlɩ tʊma canaʊ tɔm kɛɖɩyʊ ɖaɣnɩ tɔmʊʊ ŋgʊ kpaɣʊ pɩnaɣ 1860 ɛyʊ ɛnʊ lɛ, Jacob Burckhardt (pɩnzɩ 1818 ŋtalɩ 1897) kɛ ɛ-takayaɣ ŋga ɛma pɩlɩna Itaali ɖaɣnɩɣ lʊlʊʊ kɩfam tɔm yɔɔ yɔ.
Ɛyʊ ɛnʊ ɛ-tɛ tɔm kpɛlɛkʊʊ kɛ kɔlɛzɩ ɖaŋ taa Fransɩɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa pɩnaɣ 1942-1943 alɩwaatʊ taa lɛ, Fransɩɩ canaʊ tɔm kɛdɩyʊ Lucien Febvre wɩlɩɣ se Jules Michelet labɩna tɔmpiye ndɩ tʊmɩyɛ kɛ ɛ-maɣmaɣ ɛ-lɩmazaɣ yɔɔ kɛnɛ. Ɖɩnaɣ kɔyɔ Jules Michelet lakaɣ tʊmɩyɛ wɩyaʊ Louis 14 yɔɔ kɛnɛ ŋgʊ pɩwɛyɩ pɔdɔdɩyɛ nɛ ɛ-halʊʊ tɛ sɩm.